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This locomotive type, the only Japan National Railways (JNR) tender locomotive with a 2-6-2 axle arrangement, was manufactured from 1938 to 1947 by Kisha-Seizo and Kawasaki.
In addition, 14 more were built by Kisha-Seizo and Kawasaki between 1941 and 1943 for the Sakhalin Agency Railroad.
It is said that the Sakhalin Agency Railroad was later incorporated into JNR.
In 1941, 2 others were built by Kisha-Seizo for private railways.
This locomotive was a medium-sized locomotive used on branch lines (to the main lines) for both passenger and freight. It incorporated modern design elements and the appearance of the type D51. It was intended to be the common successor to the 8620 and 9600 locomotives.
During the Pacific War, 25 of them were offered to the military and used in Southeast Asia.
It was used in various locations for passenger and freight service or for switching until 1974.
JR East and Chichibu Railways are each dynamically preserving (refers to locomotives that have been preserved in a ready-to-operate state, and/or are still running today) 1 each, and about 46 of them are in static preservation (refers to locomotives that are preserved in a way that does not allow them to be immediately operated, and/or that are simply on display).
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